This
is identified as philosophical exploration of religious practices and beliefs.
Religion imposes on every area of human life, and it has to be looked into by
all scholarly disciplines:
history/anthropology/sociology/psychology/philosophy
of religion.
The
basic science of studying this subject is phenomenology of religion; it
collects data from the religion, explaining and describing the phenomena,
constructing typologies and comparing the kinds of things across the range of
religions, but without making value judgements.